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\u00bfC\u00f3mo opera la prescripci\u00f3n en los delitos econ\u00f3micos?<\/h2>\n
\n

\"LaEl abogado de Medina Cuadros y especialista en Derecho Penal, Miguel \u00c1ngel Morillas, escribe en la revista Economist and Jurist sobre la prescripci\u00f3n de los delitos econ\u00f3micos.<\/p>\n

El instituto de la prescripci\u00f3n, si bien tiene una explicaci\u00f3n sencilla, es muy complicado aplicar, y m\u00e1s tratar de dar una explicaci\u00f3n gen\u00e9rica al mismo referenciada a un grupo concreto de delitos, toda vez que para su aplicaci\u00f3n se debe estudiar caso a caso debido a la multitud de variables que afectan a su posible concurrencia.<\/p>\n

El C\u00f3digo Penal no nos ofrece ninguna definici\u00f3n de la figura de la prescripci\u00f3n, por lo que debemos buscar la misma en la Jurisprudencia de nuestros Altos Tribunales que entienden que la prescripci\u00f3n significa la expresa renuncia, por parte del Estado, del derecho a juzgar, en raz\u00f3n a que el tiempo trascurrido borra de alguna manera los efectos de la infracci\u00f3n, instituci\u00f3n de car\u00e1cter material o de derecho sustantivo, ajena por tanto a las exigencias procesales de la acci\u00f3n persecutoria. (STS 01\/12\/99)<\/p>\n

Es por ello que las infracciones penales prescriben, y por tanto se extingue la responsabilidad derivada de ellas, cuando transcurre el periodo legal establecido sin que se inicie el correspondiente procedimiento penal contra el supuesto autor de la misma. Ello, tiene su fundamento en la consideraci\u00f3n de la prescripci\u00f3n como una instituci\u00f3n de car\u00e1cter sustantivo y material, y no procesal, puesto que, como ha venido afirmando el Tribunal Constitucional; \u201clo que prescribe no es la acci\u00f3n penal para perseguir el delito sino el delito mismo\u201d (vid. STC n\u00ba 63\/2005 de 14 de marzo).<\/p>\n

Los plazos marcados para la prescripci\u00f3n de los delitos est\u00e1n establecidos en el art\u00edculo 131 del C\u00f3digo Penal, con la redacci\u00f3n dada por la L.O. 5\/2010, de 22 de junio, que entr\u00f3 en vigor el 23 de diciembre de 2010, por lo que ser\u00e1 muy importante a la hora de determinar el plazo de prescripci\u00f3n de los delitos, el momento de la comisi\u00f3n de los mismos, con el fin de aplicar correctamente la redacci\u00f3n en vigor, en ese momento concreto, del c\u00f3digo penal.<\/p>\n

El art\u00edculo 131 del C\u00f3digo Penal establece que os delitos prescriben:<\/p>\n