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{"id":20058,"date":"2018-11-12T10:01:55","date_gmt":"2018-11-12T09:01:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medina-cuadros.es\/?p=20058"},"modified":"2018-11-12T10:08:21","modified_gmt":"2018-11-12T09:08:21","slug":"yo-soy-tu-padre-el-derecho-moral-del-autor-frente-al-plagiador-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medina-cuadros.es\/yo-soy-tu-padre-el-derecho-moral-del-autor-frente-al-plagiador-2\/?lang=ca","title":{"rendered":"\u201cNo, \u00a1yo soy tu padre!\u201d: El derecho moral del autor frente al plagiador"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/a>Este art\u00edculo se public\u00f3 en la revista Iuris de El Economista el 9 de noviembre de 2018.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n \u201cQuien recita obras de otro y aspira a la fama, no debe comprar el libro, sino el silencio\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n Epigramas (<\/span>LXVI)<\/span> Marco Valerio Marcial<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n Cuando Darth Vader<\/strong> pronunci\u00f3 la frase m\u00edtica \u201cNo, I am your father<\/i>\u201d,<\/strong> la sorpresa de Luke Skywalker<\/strong> no pudo ser m\u00e1s may\u00fascula, al revelarle<\/strong> una identidad, de la que s\u00f3lo ten\u00eda leves indicios en su fuero interno.<\/span><\/p>\n Al albur de las recientes noticias publicadas en los diarios ABC, El Mundo y OK Diario, escribo el presente, por si pudiera arrojar algo de luz sobre el concepto de la paternidad de las tesis universitarias, as\u00ed como del resto de supuestos que la Ley de la Propiedad Intelectual (cuyo Texto Refundido fue aprobado por el Real Decreto Legislativo 1\/1996, de 12 de abril,<\/strong> regularizando, aclarando y armonizando las disposiciones legales vigentes sobre la materia) considera como obras originales o derivadas, ya sean literarias, art\u00edsticas o cient\u00edficas, colecciones o bases de datos.<\/span><\/p>\n La propiedad intelectual regula dos tipos de derechos:<\/strong> (i) los econ\u00f3micos o de explotaci\u00f3n (reproducci\u00f3n, distribuci\u00f3n, comunicaci\u00f3n p\u00fablica, transformaci\u00f3n, etc.) y (ii) los morales, entre los que destaca el derecho al reconocimiento de la autor\u00eda de la obra.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n El plagio, intencionado o no, como tal, laminar\u00eda uno de estos \u00faltimo: la identidad del padre real de la obra. Es, por lo tanto, reprochable ocultar al verdadero generador, no de la idea en s\u00ed, sino de su plasmaci\u00f3n.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n El Tribunal Supremo (Sala de lo Civil, Sec. 1\u00aa),<\/strong> en sentencia de 18 de diciembre de 2008 defini\u00f3 el plagio como:<\/span><\/p>\n \u00ab[\u2026] actividad material mecanizada y poco intelectual y menos creativa, carente de toda originalidad.\u00bb<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n Y no constituye plagio:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u00ab[\u2026] cuando son dos obras distintas y diferenciables<\/strong> aunque tengan puntos comunes de exposici\u00f3n y no se da un pleno calco y copia aunque tengan \u00abm\u00faltiples e innegables coincidencias\u00bb que se refieran, no a coincidencias estructurales b\u00e1sicas y fundamentales, sino \u00abaccesorias, a\u00f1adidas, superpuestas o modificaciones no trascendentales\u00bb\u00bb <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n Ya en la Antigua Roma, el poeta sat\u00edrico Marco Valerio Marcial (<\/span>40-104 d. C.) fue el primero que us\u00f3 en sus Epigramas e<\/span>l t\u00e9rmino \u201cplagiario\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>para referirse a quien <\/span>hac\u00eda pasar por propios sus poemas,<\/span> usurp\u00e1ndole <\/span>la pater potestas<\/i>.<\/span> Aplicaba metaf\u00f3ricamente la Ley Fabia de Plagiariis<\/i><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0(182 a.C.), que defin\u00eda el crimen de plagiar como la acci\u00f3n delictiva de quien dolosamente se apoderaba o hac\u00eda objeto de comercio a un hombre libre o a un esclavo ajeno, a quienes se reten\u00edan contra su voluntad. <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/i><\/p>\n